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Past simple - irregular verbs

Diferentemente dos verbos regulares, que para utilizá-los no passado simples e no particípio basta acrescentar “ed”, os verbos irregulares possuem formas próprias para esses tempos verbais e por isso não seguem nenhuma regra.
Segue abaixo uma lista dos verbos irregulares mais usados.

Infinitive (infinitivo)	Simple Past (Passado)	Past Participle (Particípio)	Translation (Tradução)
to arise	arose	arisen	surgir, erguer-se
to awake	awoke	awoken	despertar
to be	was, were	been	ser, estar
to bear	bore	born	nascer
to beat	beat	beaten	bater
to become	became	become	tornar-se
to begin	began	begun	começar
to bet	bet	bet	apostar
to bite	bit	bitten	morder
to bleed	bled	bled	sangrar
to blow	blew	blown	soprar
to break	broke	broken	quebrar
to bring	brought	brought	trazer
to build	built	built	construir
to burn	burnt (burned)	burnt (burned)	queimar
to buy	bought	bought	comprar
to catch	caught	caught	caçar
to choose	chose	chosen	escolher
to come	came	come	vir
to cost	cost	cost	custar
to cut	cut	cut	cortar
to dig	dug	dug	cavar
to do	did	done	fazer
to draw	drew	drawn	desenhar
to drink	drank	drunk	beber
to drive	drove	driven	dirigir
to eat	ate	eaten	comer
to fall	fell	fallen	cair
to feed	fed	fed	dar de comer
to feel	felt	felt	sentir
to fight	fought	fought	lutar
to find	found	found	encontrar
to fly	flew	flown	voar
to forbid	forbade	forbidden	proibir
to forget	forgot	forgotten	esquecer
to forgive	forgave	forgiven	esquecer
to forsake	forsook	forsaken	abandonar
to freeze	froze	frozen	congelar
to get	got	got / gotten	receber; conseguir; obter; adquirir...
to give	gave	given	dar
to go	went	gone	ir
to grow	grew	grown	crescer
to have	had	had	ter
to hear	heard	heard	ouvir, escutar
to hide	hid	hid / hidden	esconder, ocultar
to hit	hit	hit	bater, ferir
to hold	held	held	segurar
to hurt	hurt	hurt	machucar
to keep	kept	kept	manter
to know	knew	known	saber, conhecer
to lead	led	led	conduzir, comandar
to lend	lent	lent	emprestar
to lose	lost	lost	perder
to make	made	made	fazer, criar
to meet	met	met	encontrar
to pay	paid	paid	pagar
to put	put	put	colocar
to read	read	read	ler
to ride	rode	ridden	andar, passear
to ring	rang	rung	tocar (sino, campainha)
to rise	rose	risen	levantar, erguer
to run	ran	run	correr
to say	said	said	dizer
to see	saw	seen	ver
to sell	sold	sold	vender
to send	sent	sent	enviar
to shut	shut	shut	fechar
to sleep	slept	slept	dormir
to speak	spoke	spoken	falar, dizer
to swim	swam	swum	nadar
to take	took	taken	pegar
to teach	taught	taught	ensinar
to tell	told	told	dizer
to think	thought	thought	pensar, acreditar
to throw	threw	thrown	jogar, arremessar
to win	won	won	ganhar
to write	wrote	written	escrever

Apesar de a escrita ser a mesma, o passado do verbo “to read” possui uma pronúncia diferente. Enquanto no presente lê-se /riid/, no passado lê-se /réad/.

Past simple - regulat verbs

Verbos Regulares - Regular Verbs

Primeiramente iremos estudar o Passado Simples dos verbos regulares que, de um modo geral, é formado acrescentando -d ou -ed ao infinitivo dos verbos. Observe a tabela abaixo:

- FORMA AFIRMATIVA:

I	worked yesterday
You	worked yesterday
He	worked yesterday
She	worked yesterday
It	worked yesterday
We	worked yesterday
You	worked yesterday
They	worked yesterday

 

 

- PARTICULARIDADES DA ORTOGRAFIA DO SIMPLE PAST:

1. Os verbos terminados em e recebem apenas a letra -d ao infinitivo do verbo. Veja alguns exemplos abaixo:

hope - hoped

change - changed

like - liked

behave - behaved

lie - lied

live - lived

love - loved

arrive - arrived

invite - invited

snore - snored

-ed:2. Se o verbo tiver uma única sílaba ou terminar em sílaba tônica formada por consoante/vogal/consoante, dobra-se a última consoante e acrescenta-se

stop - stopped

permit - permitted

occur - occurred

rob - robbed

admit - admitted

prefer - preferred

omit - omitted

control - controlled

drop - dropped

plan - planned

shop - shopped

 

3. Os verbos terminados em y precedido de consoante trocam o y por -ied:

study - studied

carry - carried

worry - worried

try - tried

hurry - hurried

cry - cried

 

4. Os verbos terminados em consoante/vogal/consoante cuja sílaba tônica não é a última não dobram a consoante, apenas recebem -ed:

listen - listened

develop - developed

open - opened

fasten - fastened

suffer - suffered

visit - visited

wonder - wondered

offer - offered

 

Prepositions of time

at	in	on
PRECISE TIME	MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS	DAYS and DATES
at 3 o'clock	in May	on Sunday
at 10.30am	in summer	on Tuesdays
at noon	in the summer	on 6 March
at dinnertime	in 1990	on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime	in the 1990s	on Christmas Day
at sunrise	in the next century	on Independence Day
at sunset	in the Ice Age	on my birthday
at the moment	in the past/future	on New Year's Eve

Telling the time

The seasons